UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
________________
FORM 8-K
________________
CURRENT REPORT
Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): April 29, 2024
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (Commission File Number) | (IRS Employer Identification Number) | ||||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | ||||||||||
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 724 -776-8600
Former name or former address, if changed since last report: N/A
Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) | ||||||||
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) | ||||||||
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) | ||||||||
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) | ||||||||
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR §230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR §240.12b-2).
Emerging growth company ☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Item 2.02 | Results of Operations and Financial Condition | ||||
On April 29, 2024, the Company issued a press release announcing its financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. A copy of the press release is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.1 to this report.
Item 9.01 | Financial Statements and Exhibits | ||||
(d) Exhibits
99.1 MSA Safety Incorporated Press Release dated April 29, 2024, announcing financial results for the quarter ended March 31, 2024.
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.
MSA SAFETY INCORPORATED | |||||||||||
(Registrant) | |||||||||||
By | /s/ Lee B. McChesney | ||||||||||
| Lee B. McChesney | |||||||||||
| Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | |||||||||||
April 29, 2024
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No. Description
EXHIBIT 99.1
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
FROM: MSA Safety Incorporated
Ticker: MSA (NYSE)
Media Relations Contact: Mark Deasy (412) 559-8154
Investor Relations Contact: Chris Hepler (412) 225-3717
MSA Safety Announces First Quarter 2024 Results and Upcoming Investor Events
Healthy sales growth and robust margin expansion; Maintaining mid-single digit full year sales growth outlook
PITTSBURGH, April 29, 2024 - Global safety equipment and solutions provider MSA Safety Incorporated (NYSE: MSA) today reported financial results for the first quarter of 2024.
Quarterly Highlights
•Achieved quarterly net sales of $413 million, a 4% increase year-over-year.
•Generated GAAP operating income of $80 million, or 19.4% of sales, and adjusted operating income of $88 million, or 21.3% of sales.
•Recorded GAAP net income of $58 million, or $1.47 per diluted share, and adjusted earnings of $63 million, or $1.61 per diluted share.
•Invested $11 million for capital expenditures, repaid $5 million of debt, and returned $18 million to shareholders through dividends.
“We are off to a solid start in 2024, with our team executing our strategy and delivering strong growth and margin expansion,” said Nish Vartanian, MSA Safety Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. “Our resilient business model driven by the diversity of our products, markets and geographies, our team's commitment to continuous improvement, and their passion for serving our customers continues to generate profitable growth and sustained value for our shareholders.”
Mr. Vartanian added, “Over the past several years, we have focused on building a higher-performing, stronger MSA and the opportunity in front of us is exciting. I want to thank our associates for their dedication to advancing our mission and ensuring we meet the needs of our customers around the world.”
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Financial Highlights and Balance Sheet
| Financial Highlights | Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
| ($ millions, except per share data) | 2024 | 2023 | % Change(a) | |||||||||||||||||
| Net Sales | $ | 413 | $ | 398 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Operating Income (Loss) | 80 | (60) | n/m* | |||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Operating Income | 88 | 77 | 14 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Net Income (Loss) | 58 | (150) | n/m* | |||||||||||||||||
| Diluted EPS | 1.47 | (3.83) | n/m* | |||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Earnings | 63 | 54 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted Diluted EPS | 1.61 | 1.36 | 18 | % | ||||||||||||||||
(a) Percentage change may not calculate exactly due to rounding. | ||||||||||||||||||||
| * Not meaningful | ||||||||||||||||||||
Lee McChesney, MSA Safety Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, commented, “Our team's disciplined execution during the first quarter of the year, underpinned by the MSA Business System, resulted in 4% sales growth, robust margin expansion, and consistent cash flow performance. Taking into consideration the solid start to the year in both sales and orders while keeping a close eye on global economic trends, we are maintaining our growth outlook of mid-single digits for the full year. We believe our continued momentum and strong balance sheet position us well in 2024 and beyond.”
Conference Call
MSA Safety will host a conference call on Tuesday, April 30, 2024 at 10:00 a.m. Eastern time to discuss its first quarter 2024 results and outlook. The call and an accompanying slide presentation will be webcast at http://investors.msasafety.com/ under the “News and Events” tab, subheading “Events & Presentations.” Investors and interested parties can also dial into the call at 1-844-854-4415 (Toll Free) or 1-412-902-6599 (International). When prompted, please instruct the operator to be joined into the MSA Safety Incorporated conference call. A replay of the conference call will be available at http://investors.msasafety.com/ shortly after the conclusion of the presentation and will be available for the next 90 days.
Upcoming Investor Events
MSA Safety will host an Investor Day for institutional investors and financial analysts in New York City on Wednesday, May 22, 2024 at 8:30 a.m. Eastern time.
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Lee McChesney, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, will present virtually at the Oppenheimer 19th Annual Industrial Growth Conference on Tuesday, May 7, 2024 at 10:30 a.m. Eastern time.
A live webcast, along with the presentation materials, can be accessed on MSA Safety's Investor Relations website at http://investors.msasafety.com/ on the day of each event. A replay of the webcast will be available on the company's Investor Relations website shortly following the conclusion of each event.
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MSA Safety Incorporated
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 413,302 | $ | 398,262 | |||||||
| Cost of products sold | 217,771 | 216,864 | |||||||||
| Gross profit | 195,531 | 181,398 | |||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative | 94,150 | 91,091 | |||||||||
| Research and development | 15,919 | 15,232 | |||||||||
| Restructuring charges | 3,017 | 1,747 | |||||||||
| Currency exchange losses, net | 2,333 | 4,175 | |||||||||
| Loss on divestiture of MSA LLC | — | 129,211 | |||||||||
| Product liability expense | — | 3 | |||||||||
| Operating income (loss) | 80,112 | (60,061) | |||||||||
| Interest expense | 10,740 | 11,476 | |||||||||
| Other income, net | (6,235) | (3,800) | |||||||||
| Total other expense, net | 4,505 | 7,676 | |||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 75,607 | (67,737) | |||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | 17,468 | 82,436 | |||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 58,139 | $ | (150,173) | |||||||
| Earnings (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders: | |||||||||||
| Basic | $ | 1.48 | $ | (3.83) | |||||||
| Diluted | $ | 1.47 | $ | (3.83) | |||||||
| Basic shares outstanding | 39,360 | 39,224 | |||||||||
| Diluted shares outstanding | 39,556 | 39,224 | |||||||||
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MSA Safety Incorporated
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
Assets | |||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 148,329 | $ | 146,442 | |||||||
Trade receivables, net | 279,084 | 294,678 | |||||||||
Inventories | 305,556 | 292,604 | |||||||||
Other current assets | 59,976 | 52,546 | |||||||||
Total current assets | 792,945 | 786,270 | |||||||||
| Property, plant and equipment, net | 210,955 | 211,877 | |||||||||
| Prepaid pension cost | 175,891 | 172,161 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | 625,049 | 627,534 | |||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | 260,925 | 266,134 | |||||||||
| Other noncurrent assets | 108,565 | 106,174 | |||||||||
Total assets | $ | 2,174,330 | $ | 2,170,150 | |||||||
| Liabilities and shareholders' equity | |||||||||||
Notes payable and current portion of long-term debt, net | $ | 26,462 | $ | 26,522 | |||||||
Accounts payable | 117,125 | 111,872 | |||||||||
Other current liabilities | 172,939 | 194,424 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities | 316,526 | 332,818 | |||||||||
| Long-term debt, net | 569,692 | 575,170 | |||||||||
| Pensions and other employee benefits | 142,016 | 143,967 | |||||||||
| Deferred tax liabilities | 102,228 | 102,419 | |||||||||
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 49,114 | 48,974 | |||||||||
| Total shareholders' equity | 994,754 | 966,802 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity | $ | 2,174,330 | $ | 2,170,150 | |||||||
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MSA Safety Incorporated
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 58,139 | $ | (150,173) | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 15,559 | 14,572 | |||||||||
| Tax-effected loss on divestiture of MSA LLC | — | 199,578 | |||||||||
| Contribution on divestiture of MSA LLC | — | (341,186) | |||||||||
| Change in working capital and other operating | (22,812) | (8,700) | |||||||||
Cash flow from (used in) operating activities | 50,886 | (285,909) | |||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (11,219) | (8,402) | |||||||||
| Property disposals and other investing | — | 35 | |||||||||
Cash flow used in investing activities | (11,219) | (8,367) | |||||||||
| Change in debt | (5,010) | 295,412 | |||||||||
| Cash dividends paid | (18,490) | (18,045) | |||||||||
| Other financing | (5,585) | (4,596) | |||||||||
Cash flow (used in) from financing activities | (29,085) | 272,771 | |||||||||
| Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | (8,676) | (2,287) | |||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 1,906 | $ | (23,792) | |||||||
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MSA Safety Incorporated
Segment Information (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except percentage amounts)
| Americas | International | Corporate | Consolidated | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales to external customers | $ | 295,539 | $ | 117,763 | $ | — | $ | 413,302 | |||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 80,112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating margin % | 19.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges | 3,017 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency exchange losses, net | 2,333 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets | 2,314 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction costs (a) | 233 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income (loss) | 86,218 | 13,486 | (11,695) | 88,009 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating margin % | 29.2 | % | 11.5 | % | 21.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 13,245 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | 95,693 | 17,045 | (11,484) | 101,254 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA margin % | 32.4 | % | 14.5 | % | 24.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales to external customers | $ | 280,267 | $ | 117,995 | $ | — | $ | 398,262 | |||||||||||||||
| Operating loss | (60,061) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating margin % | (15.1) | % | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges | 1,747 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Currency exchange losses, net | 4,175 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on divestiture of MSA LLC | 129,211 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Product liability expense | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets | 2,305 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating income (loss) | 71,694 | 15,779 | (10,093) | 77,380 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating margin % | 25.6 | % | 13.4 | % | 19.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 12,267 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | 80,494 | 19,058 | (9,905) | 89,647 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA margin % | 28.7 | % | 16.2 | % | 22.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||
(a) Transaction costs include advisory, legal, accounting, valuation, and other professional or consulting fees incurred during acquisitions and divestitures. These costs are included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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The Americas segment is comprised of our operations in Northern North American and Latin American geographies. The International segment is comprised of our operations in all geographies outside of the Americas. Certain global expenses are allocated to each segment in a manner consistent with where the benefits from the expenses are derived.
Adjusted operating income (loss), adjusted operating margin, adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) and adjusted EBITDA margin are the measures used by the chief operating decision maker to evaluate segment performance and allocate resources. As such, management believes that adjusted operating income (loss), adjusted operating margin, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are useful metrics for investors. Adjusted operating income (loss) is defined as operating income excluding restructuring charges, currency exchange losses, loss on divestiture of MSA LLC, product liability expense, amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, and transaction costs. Adjusted operating margin is defined as adjusted operating income (loss) divided by segment net sales to external customers. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as adjusted operating income (loss) plus depreciation and amortization, and adjusted EBITDA margin is defined as adjusted EBITDA divided by segment net sales to external customers. Adjusted operating income (loss), adjusted operating margin, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin are not recognized terms under GAAP, and therefore do not purport to be alternatives to operating income or operating margin as a measure of operating performance. The company's definition of adjusted operating income (loss), adjusted operating margin, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA margin may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. As such, management believes that it is appropriate to consider operating income determined on a GAAP basis in addition to these non-GAAP measures.
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MSA Safety Incorporated
Reconciliation of As Reported Financial Measures to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Constant currency revenue growth (Unaudited)
Consolidated
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
Firefighter Safety(a) | Detection(b) | Industrial PPE and Other(c) | Net Sales | ||||||||||||||
| GAAP reported sales change | 17% | (5)% | (2)% | 4% | |||||||||||||
| Plus: Currency translation effects | —% | —% | (1)% | (1)% | |||||||||||||
| Constant currency sales change | 17% | (5)% | (3)% | 3% | |||||||||||||
Americas Segment
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
Firefighter Safety(a) | Detection(b) | Industrial PPE and Other(c) | Net Sales | ||||||||||||||
| GAAP reported sales change | 20% | (3)% | (2)% | 5% | |||||||||||||
| Plus: Currency translation effects | —% | (1)% | (2)% | —% | |||||||||||||
| Constant currency sales change | 20% | (4)% | (4)% | 5% | |||||||||||||
International Segment
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||
Firefighter Safety(a) | Detection(b) | Industrial PPE and Other(c) | Net Sales | ||||||||||||||
| GAAP reported sales change | 11% | (9)% | —% | —% | |||||||||||||
| Plus: Currency translation effects | (2)% | (1)% | (1)% | (1)% | |||||||||||||
| Constant currency sales change | 9% | (10)% | (1)% | (1)% | |||||||||||||
(a) Firefighter Safety includes Breathing Apparatus and Firefighter Helmets and Protective Apparel.
(b) Detection includes Fixed Gas and Flame Detection and Portable Gas Detection.
(c) Industrial PPE and Other includes Industrial Head Protection, Fall Protection and Non-Core.
Management believes that constant currency revenue growth is a useful metric for investors, as foreign currency translation can have a material impact on revenue growth trends. Constant currency revenue growth highlights ongoing business performance excluding the impact of fluctuating foreign currencies, which is outside of management's control. There can be no assurances that MSA's definition of constant currency revenue growth is consistent with that of other companies. As such, management believes that it is appropriate to consider revenue growth determined on a GAAP basis in addition to this non-GAAP financial measure.
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MSA Safety Incorporated
Reconciliation of As Reported Financial Measures to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted earnings (Unaudited)
Adjusted earnings per diluted share (Unaudited)
(In thousands, except per share and percentage amounts)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | % Change | |||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to MSA Safety Incorporated | $ | 58,139 | $ | (150,173) | n/m* | ||||||||||||
| Loss on divestiture of MSA LLC | — | 129,211 | |||||||||||||||
| Deferred tax asset write-off related to divestiture of MSA LLC | — | 70,366 | |||||||||||||||
Product liability expense | — | 3 | |||||||||||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets | 2,314 | 2,305 | |||||||||||||||
Transaction costs (a) | 233 | — | |||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges | 3,017 | 1,747 | |||||||||||||||
Asset related losses and other | 51 | 739 | |||||||||||||||
| Currency exchange losses, net | 2,333 | 4,175 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax expense on adjustments | (2,590) | (4,645) | |||||||||||||||
Adjusted earnings | $ | 63,497 | $ | 53,728 | 18% | ||||||||||||
Adjusted earnings per diluted share | $ | 1.61 | $ | 1.36 | 18% | ||||||||||||
(a)Transaction costs include advisory, legal, accounting, valuation, and other professional or consulting fees incurred during acquisitions and divestitures. These costs are included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. | |||||||||||||||||
* Not meaningful | |||||||||||||||||
Management believes that adjusted earnings and adjusted earnings per diluted share are useful measures for investors, as management uses these measures to internally assess the company’s performance and ongoing operating trends. There can be no assurances that additional special items will not occur in future periods, nor that MSA's definition of adjusted earnings is consistent with that of other companies. As such, management believes that it is appropriate to consider both net income (loss) determined on a GAAP basis as well as adjusted earnings.
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MSA Safety Incorporated
Reconciliation of As Reported Financial Measures to Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Debt to adjusted EBITDA / Net debt to adjusted EBITDA (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
| Twelve Months Ended March 31, 2024 | ||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 371,493 | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 52,505 | |||||||
| Restructuring charges | 11,162 | |||||||
| Currency exchange losses, net | 15,237 | |||||||
| Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets | 9,255 | |||||||
Transaction costs (a) | 1,198 | |||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 460,850 | ||||||
| Total end-of-period debt | 596,154 | |||||||
| Debt to adjusted EBITDA | 1.3 | |||||||
| Total end-of-period debt | $ | 596,154 | ||||||
| Total end-of-period cash and cash equivalents | 148,329 | |||||||
| Net debt | $ | 447,825 | ||||||
| Net debt to adjusted EBITDA | 1.0 | |||||||
(a) Transaction costs include advisory, legal, accounting, valuation, and other professional or consulting fees incurred during acquisitions and divestitures. These costs are included in Selling, general and administrative expense in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. | ||||||||
Management believes that Debt to adjusted EBITDA and Net debt to adjusted EBITDA are useful measures for investors, as management uses these measures to internally assess the company’s liquidity and balance sheet strength. There can be no assurances that that MSA's definition of Debt to Adjusted EBITDA and Net Debt to Adjusted EBITDA is consistent with that of other companies.
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About MSA Safety:
MSA Safety Incorporated (NYSE: MSA) is the global leader in advanced safety products, technologies and solutions. Driven by its singular mission of safety, the Company has been at the forefront of safety innovation since 1914, protecting workers and facility infrastructure around the world across a broad range of diverse end markets while creating sustainable value for shareholders. With 2023 revenues of $1.8 billion, MSA Safety is headquartered in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania and employs a team of over 5,000 associates across its more than 40 international locations. For more information, please visit www.MSASafety.com.
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements:
Except for historical information, certain matters discussed in this press release may be "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance and involve various assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or other comparable words. Actual results, performance or outcomes may differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements and may not align with historical performance and events due to a number of factors, including those discussed in the sections of our annual report on Form 10-K entitled “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors,” and those discussed in our Form 10-Q quarterly reports filed after such annual report. MSA’s SEC filings are readily obtainable at no charge at www.sec.gov, as well as on its own investor relations website at http://investors.MSAsafety.com. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and caution should be exercised against placing undue reliance upon such statements, which are based only on information currently available to us and speak only as of the date hereof. We are under no duty to update publicly any of the forward-looking statements after the date of this earnings press release, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures:
This press release includes certain non-GAAP financial measures. These financial measures include constant currency revenue growth, adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted earnings, adjusted earnings per diluted share, debt to adjusted EBITDA, and net debt to adjusted EBITDA. These non-GAAP financial measures provide information useful to investors in understanding our operating performance and trends, and to facilitate comparisons with the performance of our peers. Management also uses these measures internally to assess and better understand our underlying business performance and trends related to core business activities. The non-GAAP financial measures and key performance indicators we use, and computational methods with respect thereto, may differ from the non-GAAP financial measures and key performance indicators, and computational methods, that our peers use to assess their performance and trends.
This press release includes certain non-GAAP financial measures. These financial measures include constant currency revenue growth, adjusted operating income, adjusted operating margin, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA margin, adjusted earnings, adjusted earnings per diluted share, debt to adjusted EBITDA, and net debt to adjusted EBITDA. These non-GAAP financial measures provide information useful to investors in understanding our operating performance and trends, and to facilitate comparisons with the performance of our peers. Management also uses these measures internally to assess and better understand our underlying business performance and trends related to core business activities. The non-GAAP financial measures and key performance indicators we use, and computational methods with respect thereto, may differ from the non-GAAP financial measures and key performance indicators, and computational methods, that our peers use to assess their performance and trends.
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The presentation of these non-GAAP financial measures does not comply with U.S. GAAP. These non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed as supplemental in nature, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, our reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP. When non-GAAP financial measures are disclosed, the Securities and Exchange Commission's Regulation G requires: (i) the presentation of the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP and (ii) a reconciliation of the differences between the non-GAAP financial measure presented and the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP. The presentation of these financial measures does not comply with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"). For an explanation of these measures, with a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, see the Reconciliation of As Reported Financial Measures to Non-GAAP Financial Measures in the financial tables section above.
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